Existing and validated forecasting models for pests and diseases should be used and the use of adequate monitoring devices by groups of growers recommended.
Aphids: Monitoring and thresholds should be applied.
Agriotes spp. should be monitored (e.g. bait traps).
Lepidopterans: Monitoring for eggs and first larval stages is recommended.
Spider mites: Treatments should only be carried out against early infestations.
Downy mildew: Forecasting models where existing and effective.