Integrated approach to improve the use of biocontrol agents in IPM of key protected crop pests

Abstract: Protected crops in Crete and Southern Greece face significant challenges from high
pest pressures and the increasing issue of insecticide resistance. We employ an integrated
approach to enhance the resilience of beneficial organisms, such as predatory mites (Amblyseius swirskii, Typhlodromus reckii) and insects (the mirid bug Nesidiocoris tenuis), against synthetic pesticides and hostile crops like tomatoes. This is achieved by reducing chemical inputs in combination with the use of biological control agents and cultural practices.
Advanced molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR and Droplet Digital PCR) were
employed to monitor insecticide resistance in major pests (Bemisia tabaci, Tetranychus urticae and Frankliniella occidentalis). Resistance mutations were widespread, with some alleles reaching 100 % prevalence, demonstrating the critical need for early detection of resistance. Biopesticides (Requiem®, Eradicoat®, Prev-Am®, FLiPPER®) were evaluated for their impact on beneficial arthropods, revealing varied effects. Additionally, wild populations of N. tenuis demonstrated genetic variation for pesticide resistance, providing candidates for improved performance through artificial selection.
Tomato genotypes from the National GeneBank were assessed for their impact on pest (T.
urticae, B. tabaci) and predator performance (T. reckii). Results demonstrated significant
relationships between trichome density and the development or dispersal of both phytophagous and predatory mites, emphasizing the importance of selecting compatible tomato varieties for IPM strategies. Furthermore, companion plants are being evaluated to mitigate plant damage caused by N. tenuis. Ongoing experiments aim to optimize IPM by integrating these plants into sustainable pest management frameworks.
This study highlights the importance of integrative research in developing a robust IPM
framework that employs data-driven approaches to reduce pest pressures and minimize
chemical inputs.