Systemic resistance induced by volatile substances produced by PGPF in Arabidopsis plants

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Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from PGPF (Phoma sp., Cladosporium sp. and Ampelomyces sp.), were extracted by gas-chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry. The identified synthetic compounds were analyzed in blends to check the disease resistance capability in Arabidopsis plants. Among the three, two of the VOCs (emitted from Ampelomyces sp. and Cladosporium sp.) blends significantly reduced disease severity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). To investigate the molecular signals for disease suppression by VOCs of PGPF, two major volatile components; meta-cresol and methyl benzoate emitted from Ampelomyces sp. and Cladosporium sp., respectively, were further analyzed. Different mutant plants impaired in SA or JA/ET signaling pathways were used for this experiment and real-time qRT-PCR was conducted to observe the expression pattern of a group of genes responsible for ISR signaling against pathogen. Results showed that the SA signaling pathway is important in inducing systemic resistance by methyl benzoate and both SA and JA/ET signaling pathways combine in the signaling of induced resistance by meta-cresol. These results indicate the potential role of volatile organic compounds in the signaling mechanism of systemic resistance by PGPF.

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