Are predators and parasitoids of Bactrocera oleae influenced by olive grove abandonment?

Abstract: Land abandonment is spreading in the Mediterranean, particularly in marginal areas such as the olive groves located in Monte Pisano (Pisa, Italy). How non-managed groves affect the communities of Bactrocera oleae natural enemies is still unknown, despite the importance of this pest for the worldwide oil production. With this work, we would like to shed light on the influence that grove abandonment may have on parasitoids and predatory staphylinids for enhancing conservation biological control of B. oleae. Our results suggest that, to support natural enemy communities, the agricultural policies should be revised for a transition from abandoned groves to low-input or organically managed olive groves.